Yellow Birch (By)
Swamp birch
Betula alleghaniensis Britt.
Bouleau jaune
Provincial Tree of Quebec

Native Range: East it is found from the southern points of Newfoundland, most of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. As far west as Minnesota below "Lake of The Woods" and above Minneapolis (in Canada the edge of Ontario border into Manitoba). Visually it creeps around the great lakes north and south.
Canadian Hardiness Zones: 3A-7B with the exception of 2B & 2A in Quebec around Saguenay.

Leaves: Oval (egg shaped/teardrop with edges doubly serrate), leaf 8 ⇔ 11 centimeters, has sharply pointed tip. Green, underside light greenish/yellow. Each vein is straight, parallel, ending in a large tooth, with 2-3 smaller intervening teeth.
Buds: Ovoid with pointed tip, often hairy with two distinct shades of brown.
Twigs: Thin, can be a little hairy, consistent brown.
Flowers: Pollen catkins 2 centimeters by late autumn reaching a length of about 8 cm at pollination. Seed catkins are about 1.5 ⇔ 2 centimeters (3 cm at maturity) pointing up, erect at pollination.
Rhytidome: Thin, shiny reddish-brown when young, becoming bronze (specifically in sunlight... its beautiful) or brownish yellow with thin, papery shreds that curl tightly at the ends, and does not peel readily. Gradually darkens to bronze with age and separates into large, ragged-edged plates at the trunk’s base.
Wood: Heavy, hard, strong, fine close grain (even texture) ranging from creamy white, to golden brown to reddish brown.
Size and Form: Medium, ~25 m high, 60 cm diameter, generally averaging 150 years old.
Will use lateral robust (flexible) root system reaching a depth of 3 ⇔ 5 feet (1.5 m) while also being advantageous using stilt roots to thrive in various site conditions.
Habitat: Cool, moist soils, usually mixed forests complimenting beech, sugar maple, basswood, eastern hemlock, balsam fir, eastern white pine, white spruce, and red spruce.
Moderately shade tolerant (yet the most shade tolerant of the eastern birches).
Notes: Veneer wood.
Valuable for furniture, cabinetwork, flooring, doors, veneer, and plywood. It is an important source of hardwood lumber in Eastern Canada.
The provincial tree of Quebec.