Dry/Upland Sites... Sandy or Thin Soils (South/Southwest slopes, Ridges)

Red, Bur Oak
Hackberry

White, Jack, Scots, Red Pine
Eastern Red Cedar

Black Cherry

Ironwood

Sassafras

Shagbark Hickory

Blue Beech (on slopes)

Sandy loam, well-drained, low fertility

Ridges, eskers, outwash plains, upper slopes

Moist, Rich Mesic Sites... Loamy Soils (Mid slopes, Lower uplands)

Sugar Maple

American Beech

Yellow Birch

Basswood

White Ash (though declining)

Ironwood

Blue Beech

Butternut

Deep, loamy, high in nutrients and moisture

Landform: Lower slopes, protected valleys, old hardwood forest

Wet or Moist Lowlands... Clay/Organic Soils (Flats, Bogs, Depressions)

Red Maple

Black Ash

Silver Maple

Eastern White Cedar

Tamarack

Balsam Poplar

Willow species

Eastern Hemlock (cooler slopes or north-facing moist areas)

Poorly drained, high organic content, sometimes peaty

Swamps, riparian zones, flatlands, lake edges

Rocky Outcrops / Shallow Soils... Canadian Shield / Escarpment

Jack Pine

Eastern White Cedar

Red Oak

White Birch

Trembling Aspen

Balsam Fir

Black Spruce (on wetter rock depressions)

Thin soils over bedrock

Granite ridges, cliff faces, talus slopes.